Python

ANSI escape codes in Python

Python's stdlib has no built-in colour helper, but every byte you would write by hand is fine — strings can carry `\x1b` escapes directly. For cross-platform support (Windows `cmd.exe` before 1909 didn't parse ANSI by default), reach for `colorama`. For richer TUIs, `rich` and `prompt_toolkit` build on the same byte forms documented here.

Recommended libraries

colorama
Cross-platform ANSI shim: on Windows it translates escapes into Win32 console API calls; elsewhere it's a no-op. `init()` once at module load.
rich
High-level console toolkit (colour, tables, progress bars, markdown). Emits standard ANSI under the hood; auto-detects terminal capability.
termcolor
Tiny single-purpose helper: `colored('text', 'red', attrs=['bold'])`. No state, no init, ~150 lines of code.
prompt_toolkit
Full-screen TUI framework — REPLs (ipython, pgcli), editors, dialogs. Handles input parsing including bracketed paste and mouse.

Idiomatic patterns

Print bold red, reset at the end

print('\x1b[1;31merror:\x1b[0m permission denied')

Cross-platform with colorama

from colorama import init, Fore, Style

init()  # no-op on POSIX, enables ANSI on legacy Windows
print(f'{Style.BRIGHT}{Fore.RED}error:{Style.RESET_ALL} permission denied')

Progress bar with CR + EL

import sys, time

for i in range(101):
    # \r returns to col 1, \x1b[K erases to end of line
    sys.stdout.write(f'\r\x1b[K{i}%')
    sys.stdout.flush()
    time.sleep(0.02)
print()

Detect NO_COLOR and disable output styling

import os, sys

USE_COLOR = sys.stdout.isatty() and 'NO_COLOR' not in os.environ

def style(text: str, sgr: str) -> str:
    return f'\x1b[{sgr}m{text}\x1b[0m' if USE_COLOR else text

print(style('OK', '32'))

ANSI escape codes in Python

Recommended libraries

Idiomatic patterns

Related sequences

Other languages